Type Depositories

COLLECTIONS/RESEARCH

Type Depositories

Taxonomic names of organisms are linked to individual specimens known as holotypes. When the identity of a specimen or a population of specimens is in question, the identity can be ultimately confirmed by comparison with the holotype. Below is a quantitative summary of the type specimen holdings of the world's major museum collections. As this website develops, each species account will identify the particular museum holding the holotype of the species. The legend at the bottom of this page explains the abbreviations used in the table.

Region	Country	Collection	Taxon Authors	Types
Africa	Morocco	ISC	Panouse	4
	Namibia	DERU	Wharton	10
		NMNW	Wharton	47
	South Africa	AMGS	Lawrence, Hewitt, Wharton	20
		MMK	Hewitt	1
		NMSA	Hewitt, Lawrence, Lamoral, Wharton	74
		SAMC	Purcell, Lawrence, Wharton	32
		TMSA	Lawrence, Hewitt, Wharton	66
	Total			254

Asia	Azerbaijan	IZA	Aliev	24
	Georgia	GSMT	Walter?	5
	India	IMC	Pocock?
	Israel	HU	Turk, Levy, Shulov	21
		UTA	Panouse, Levy, Shulov	1
	Kazakhstan	AGC	Gromov	18
	Russia	IASE	Gromov	1
		ZISP	Birula, Roewer, Gromov	237
		ZMMU	Birula, Gromov	29
	Total			336

Europe	Austria	NMWA	Birula, Kraepelin, Penther, Roewer, Werner	14
	Belgium	MRAC	Roewer, Benoit	95
	Denmark	ZMUC	Lawrence	19
	France	MNHN	Kraepelin, Fage, Simon, Vachon, Lawrence, Panouse, Delle Cave, Simonetta	70
	Germany	GPIUH	Dunlop, Wunderlich, Poinar	1
		JWC	Selden, Shear	1
		MFNC	Dunlop, Rössler	1
		SMF	Heymons, Roewer, Kraus, Gromov	419
		ZMHB	Heymons, C.L.Koch, Karsch, Kraepelin, Roewer	186
		ZMUH	Kraepelin, Karsch, Roewer, Simon	87
		ZSM	Kraepelin, Roewer, Lucas	5
	Italy	ATC	Di Caporriacco	1
		MSNG	Kraepelin, Pavesi, Di Caporriacco, Delle Cave, Simonetta	12
		MSNM	Delle Cave, Simonetta	1
		MZUF	Di Caporriacco, Delle Cave, Simonetta	20
	Sweden	NHRM	Kraepelin, Tullgren	10
		ZMLU	Pocock, Lawrence	5
	Switzerland	NMBS	Schenkel	2
		NMG	Roewer	9
		MNCM
	UK	BMNH	Pocock, Turk, L.Koch, Butler, Hirst, Roewer, Purcell, Lawrence, Whittick, Badcock, Wharton	128
	Total			1086
North America	Mexico	IBUNAM	Vazquez, Rojas	3
	USA	AMNH	Muma, Gromov, Brookhart, Fichter, Rowland	100
		ANSP	Putnam (probably lost)	2
		BNHM	Pocock	2
		BYU	Brookhart, Muma	8
		CAS	Muma, Brookhart	28
		DMNS	Brookhart, Cushing	43
		FSCA	Muma, Brookhart	15
		MCZ	Muma, Maury, Chamberlin, Banks	11
		UCR	Brookhart, Muma	1
		USNM	Muma	18
		YPM	Petrunkevitch	1
	Total			232

Caribbean	Cuba	IES	Armas, Teruel, Alegre	25
		BIOECO	Armas, Teruel	21
South America	Argentina	MACN	Mello-Leitão, Maury, Rocha	12
		MLP	Mello-Leitão	4
		MMA	Mello-Leitão	2
		MNRJ	Mello-Leitão	18
		MZUSP	Xavier, Rocha	10
		MCTP		0
	Total			92

Total				2000

Type holdings Solifugae: ACE (Arachnid Collection of Egypt, Caïro); NMK (National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi); ISC (Institut Scientifique Chérifien, Rabat); DERU (Desert Ecological Research Unit, Gobabeb); NMNW (National Museum of Namibia, Windhoek); AMGS (Albany Museum, Grahamstown); MMK (McGregor Museum, Kimberley); NMBA (National Museum, Bloemfontein); NMSA (Natal Museum, Pietermaritzburg); PPRI (National Collection of Arachnida, Plant Protection Research Institute, Pretoria); SAMC (South African Museum, Cape Town); TMSA (Transvaal Museum, Pretoria); NHMZ (Natural History Museum of Zimbabwe, Bulawayo); IZA (Institute of Zoology, Baku); IZB (Institute of Zoology, Beijing); GSMT (Georgian State Museum, Tbilisi); IMC (Indian Museum, Calcutta); HU (Hebrew University, Jerusalem); UTA (University of Tel-Aviv); AGC (A.V. Gromov Collection, Almaty); IASE (Siberian Zoological Museum, Institute for Animal Systematics and Ecology, Novosibirsk); ONHM (Oman Natural History Museum, Muscat); ZISP (Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg); ZMMU (Zoological Museum, Moscow State University); NUT (Nigde University); TTC (T. Türkeş Collection, Ankara); NMWA (Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien); MRAC (Museé Royal de l’Afrique Centrale, Tervuren); NMS (National Museum of Natural History, Sofia); MMB (Department of Entomology, Moravian Museum, Brno); NMPC (National Museum of Natural History, Prague); SPC (S. Pekar Collection, Brno); ZMUC (Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen); ZMHU (Zoological Museum, Helsinki University); ZMTU (Zoological Museum, Turku University); MNHN (Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris); GPIUH (Geological-Palaeontological Institute, University of Hamburg); JWC (J. Wunderlich Collection, Hirschberg-Lauetrhausen); MFNC (Museum für Naturkunde, Chemnitz); NMWD (Naturhistorischen Museum, Wiesbaden); SMF (Naturmuseum und Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, Frankfurt am Main); SMTD (Staatliches Museum für Tierkunde, Dresden); UMB (Uberseemuseum, Bremen); ZMHB (Museum für Naturkunde der Humboldt Universität, Berlin); ZMUG (Zoological Insitute & Museum, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald); ZMUH (Zoologisches Institut und Zoologisches Museum, Hamburg); ZSM (Zoologische Staatssammlung, Munich); ATC (A. Toschi Collection, Bologna); MIZT (Museo ed Instituto di Zoologia Sistematica della Universita di Torino); MSNG (Museo Civico di Storia Naturale “Giacomo Doria”, Genova); MSNM ( Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano); MZUF (Museo de Zoologia dell Universita di Firenze); VVC (Valerio Vignoli Collection, Siena); AMC (A. Melic Collection, Zaragoza); IBAB (Iniversitat de Barcelona); MNCM (Museum of Natural Sciences of Madrid); NHRM (Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm); NMBS (Naturhistorishen Museums zu Basel); ZMLU (Zoological Museum, Lund University); RMNH (Naturalis, Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden); ZMA (Zoologisch Museum, Amsterdam); BMNH (Natural History Museum, London); OUMNH (Oxford University Museum of Natural History); IBUNAM (Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico); AMNH (American Museum of Natural History, New York); ANSP (Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia); BNHM (Boston Society of Natural History, Boston); BYU (Brigham Young University, Provo); CAS (California Academy of Science, San Francisco); DMNS (Denver Museum of Nature and Science, Denver); FMNH (Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago); FSCA (Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Gainesville); MCZ (Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge); UCB (University of California, Berkeley); UCR (University of California, Riverside); UNMC (Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico); USNM (National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC); YPM (Peabody Museum, Yale); IES (Instituto de Ecología y Sistemática, Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología y Medio Ambiente, La Habana); BIOECO (Centro Oriental de Biodiversidad, Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología y Medio Ambiente, Santiago de Cuba); MACN (Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturale, Buenos Aires); MLP (Museo de La Plata); MMA (Museo de Mendoza); IBSP (Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo); INPA (Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Manaus); MCTP (Museu de Ciencias e Tecnologia da Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre); MNRJ (Museo Nacional Rio de Janeiro); MZUSP (Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo); UFMT (Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso, Cuiaba); MZUC (Museo Zoológico, Universidad de Concepción); MHNLS (Museo de Historia Natural ‘La Salle’, Caracas).

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