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Original description (Simon 1882, p. 253):
"Cephalothorax antice subrectus. Tuber oculorum
magnum, parum altum, postice obtuse sulcatum, antice setis binis vix
bulbosis munitum. Pedes maxillares metatarso subtus regulariter
breve spinoso, tarso ad basin attenuato. Pedes sat breves. Femur IV
gracile, compressum haud dilatatum. Tarsus l
unguibus
carens. Tarsus III triarticulatus, articulo secundo primo
multo minore. Tarsus IV triarticulatus, articula primo longo, duo
bus ultimis brevioribus et fere aequa longitudine. Ungues glabri
graciles et longi praesertim postici. Spiraculorum pectina nulla.
Laminae coxales utrinque 3: 2 approximatae supra coxa affixae,
ultima ad apicem
trochanteri affixa.
Ce genre remarquable se distingue de tous les Galéodides
par le nombre de ses lamelles coxales qui n'est que de trois au lieu
de cinq, la première lamelle du trochanter et celle du trochantin
font également défaut. Par le nombre et la proportion des articles
tarsaux il se rapproche du genre Zerbina Karsch,
mais s'en distingue encore par la longueur des griffes et la
structure du mamelon oculaire."
Translation: Cephalothorax
in front nearly straight. Ocular
tubercle large, eye pair elevated, posterior sulcus rounded,
anterior paired setae barely thickened or strengthed. Pedipalp
metarsus ventrally usually with short spines, tarsus attenuated
towards base. Tarsus quite short, Femur IV slender, narrow, not at
all dilated. Tarsus l claws absent. Tarsus III three-segmented,
second segment much shorter than first. Tarsus IV three-segmented,
first segment long, two distal ones shortest and nearly equal in
length. Claws smooth, slender, and long, especially posteriorly.
Spiracles without combs. Malleoli on both sides 3: two affixed
approximately above coxae, apical one affixed to trochanter.
This remarkable genus is distinguished from all other galeodids by
the number of its malleoli, which is only three instead of five, as
the first malleolus of the trochanter and that of the trochantin are
lacking. It is also distinguished by the number and the proportions
of the tarsal segments, in which it resembles the genus
Zerbina Karsch, and the length of the claws and the structure of
the eye mound.
Subsequent accounts:
Pocock 1897, p.
250:
"? Zombis of Simon, based upon a s pecimen
from Jaffa, and
said to be characterized by the possession of only three pairs of
malleoli, three tarsal
segments
on the third and
fourth legs, and only a pair of setae on the ocular tubercle. But,
as is explained below (p. 258), the number
of malleoli, of
tarsal segments, and of ocular setae is often but an indication of
immaturity, and that it is probably so in the case of Zombis
may be inferred from the fact that the type, pusiola, is only
9 millim. long."
Kraepelin 1899, p. 200:
"In
ganz
änlicher
Weise
dürfte
auch
die
von
SIMON aus
Sűd-Yemen
beschriebene
Zombis pusiola
als
eine
jugendliche
Galeodes
in
Anspruch
zu
nehmen
sein,
wie
bereits
POCOCK
(22,
p.
250)
vermutet
hat. Das
Exemplar
ist
nur
9
mm lang,
also
ancheinend
noch
sehr
jung.
Die
Bezahnung
der
Kiefer,
der
basal
verschmälerte
Tarsus
des
Maxillarpalpus,
die Zahl
der
Tarsen
des
4. Beines
und deren
relative
Länge
stimmen
durchaus
mit
den
Charakteren
der
Gatt.
Galeodes
űberein.
Da
aber
das
1.
Beinpaar
keine
Kralle
trägt
und
der
Protarsus
der
Maxi1larpalpen
als
kurz
bedornt bezeichnet
wird, so
dürfte
es
sich
·wahrscheinlich
nicht
um
einen
echten
Galeodes,
sondern
um
eine
Jugendform der
gleich
zu
charakterisierenden
Gatt. Panlgaleodes
handeln,
die
gerade
in
Yemen verbreitet
ist.
Das
einzige
Bedenken,
welches dieser
Annahme
entgegensteht,
ist
die
Zahl
von
3
Tarsengliedern
am
3.
Beinpaar,
doch ist
es
wohl
nicht
zu
gewagt,
hierbei
an
eine
Anomalie
oder
--
bei der
Schwierigkeit
gerade
derartiger
Feststellungen
-
an
ein
Versehen
des
Autors
zu denken."
Translation: In
a quite similar way Simon might be also be regarded as having
described Zombis pusiola from southern Yemen [Israel] from a
juvenile Galeodes, as Pocock (1897, p. 250) has already
suggested. The specimen is only 9mm long, and seemingly still very
immature. The dentition of the jaw, the basally narrowed tarsus of
the pedipalp, the number of the tarsal segments on the 4th leg and
their relative length absolutely coincide with the characters of
the genus Galeodes. Because, however, the 1st pair of legs
bear no claws and the protarsus of the pedipalp is described as
short spined, it might likely not be a real Galeodes, but a
juvenile form of the genus immediately to be characterized
Paragaleodes, which is distributed just in Yemen. The one thing
to consider with which this assumption conflicts is the number of 3
tarsal segments in the third pair of legs, but it is scarcely too
adventurous to consider this an anomaly or - with the difficulty in
viewing them - an oversight of the author.
Kraepelin1901, p. 22, 25:
Zombis Simon 1882 listed as a tentative synonym of
Paragaleodes Kraepelin 1899;
Zombis pusiola Simon 1882
listed as a tentative synonym of Paragaleodes scalaris C.L.Koch
1842.
Roewer 1934, p. 505:
"Die Gattung
Zerbina, von Karsch 1880 S. 233 auf Gluvia gracilis C. L.
Koch 1842 S. 355 begrűndet, ist nach Kraepelins Untersuchung (1899)
sicher eine nicht erwachsene Galeodes-Art (vgl. Kraepelin
1901 S. 22) und fast ebenso sicher auch Zombis Simon (Zombis
pusiola Simon 1882 S. 253) (vgl. Kraepelin 1901 S. 25)."
Translation: The
genus Zerbina Karsch (1880 p. 233), based upon Gluvia
gracilis C. L. Koch (1842, p. 355), is according to Kraepelin's
examination (1899) certainly not based on an adult galeodid (cf
Kraepelin 1901, p. 22), nor, almost certainly, is Zombis
Simon (Zombis pusiola Simon 1882, p. 253) (cf Kraepelin 1901,
p. 25).
Harvey 2002, p. 453:
"Although Roewer (1934) treated
Paragaleodes
Kraepelin (1899) as a synonym of Galeodes Olivier, 1791,
later authors including Birula (1938) and Turk (1960) revalidated
the name and provided a more comprehensive diagnosis. However,
Kraepelin (1899) did not nominate a type species and to my knowledge
none has ever been designated, thus leaving the genus in a state of
taxonomic limbo. Related to this problem is the status of Zombis
Simon (1882), described for the sole species Z. pusiola
Simon, 1882 from Israel. Kraepelin (1901) tentatively synonymized Z.
pusiola with
Paragaleodes scalaris (C.L.
Koch, 1842), which places Zombis as a potential senior
synonym of Paragaleodes if the type species of both taxa are
considered to be congeneric. Kraepelin (1899) included several
species in Paragaleodes
and all but
Galeodes barbarus Lucas,
1849 is currently included in the genus. If G. barbarus
is designated as type species of Paragaleodes, then this
generic name will become a synonym of Galeodes as currently
defined, and Zombis becomes available for those species
currently in Paragaleodes. However, if one of the other
species originally included in Paragaleodes by Kraepelin
(1899) is selected as the type species, then Zombis will have
priority over Paragaleodes whenever the selected type species
and Z. pusiola are deemed to be congeneric. I am extremely
reluctant to replace Paragaleodes with Zombis without
a more detailed review of the taxonomy of galeodid genera, and note
that Kraepelin (1901) only tentatively synonymized Z. pusiola
with P. scalaris,
so the true taxonomic status
of Z. pusiola is still unknown. Therefore, I propose the
following solution: I hereby designate Galeodes scalaris C.L
Koch, 1842 (new designation) as the type species of Paragaleodes,
and I disregard Kraepelin's synonyny of Z. pusiola with
P. scalaris, allowing Zombis to stand as a monotypic
genus until the necessary revisionary work is completed to more
fully understand the identity of the names involved. If any future
work upholds Kraepelin's (1901) decision, the case should probably
be submitted to the International Commission on Zoological
Nomenclature to enable the retention of the better known
Paragaleodes."
Note: No
illustrations of the type species/type specimen appear to exist.
One species is included in the genus:
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